内容简介

《如何教授英语语法》：The aim of this book is to provide teachers with a fresh approachto thinking about English grammar. Each chapter focuses on aproblematic area, for example 'Articles', 'Conditionals', and'Direct and indirect speech'. First the basic grammatical folan isdescribed, and then the meaning distinctions conveyed by particular forms. The final section of each chapter shows how meaning can be shaped by context and communicative purpose. Thebook includes exercises, teaching ideas, and a glossary.George Yule has been an English language teacher in Britain,Canada, Jamaica, and Saudi Arabia, and has taught Applied Linguistics at the universities of Edinburgh, Hawaii, Louisiana State,and Minnesota.

图书目录

AcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroductionOverviewBasic FormsOn terminologyOn being ungrammaticalOn good EnglishBasic meanings'I am more interesting in English Grammar'Why can I say 'I shot the sheriff', but not *'I smiled the sheriff'？Linguistic distanceMeanings in contextDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading2 ArticlesOverviewBasic formsAn article machineBasic meaningsCountabilitySingular or plural？IndividuationConceptual structure: classifying and identifyingMeanings in contextAlready given: anaphoric and cataphoric （the）Clearly given （zero article）A note on a new articleDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading3 Tense and aspectOverviewBasic formsThe basic structureBasic meaningsTenseAspectLexical aspectGrammatical aspectMeanings in contextIn a magazine articleIn academic writingIn narrativesIn a news reportIn spoken discourseDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading4 ModalsOverviewBasic formsThe simple modalsBasic meaningsEpistemic modalityRoot modalityNecessary and possibleMeanings in contextThe p0tential of canThe possibility of mayThe necessity of mustThe likelihood of willThe requirements of shouldNegation and modalsDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading5 ConditionalsOverviewBasic formsFactual conditionalsPredictive conditionalsHypothetical conditionalsCounterfactual conditionalsBasic meaningsWhat happens if ... ？What will happen if... ？What would happen if ... ？What would have happened if... ？Meanings in contextRestatingContrastingListing alternativesGiving examplesEnd-weightUncertainty and politenessExceptional and concessive conditionalsDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading6 Prepositions and particlesOverviewBasic formsPrepositionsBasic meanings: prepositionsLocation in spaceLocation in timeLocation in metaphorParticLesBasic meanings: particLesUp and downOff, on, out, and awayMeanings in contextEnd-weightDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading7 Indirect objectsOverviewBasic formsTypes of verbsBasic structures: origins and pronunciationBasic meaningsHumans, transfer, and havingTransfer and not havingCreating, getting, and benefitingMeanings in contextEnd-weightLinguistic distanceDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading8 Infinitives and gerundsOverviewBasic formsBasic meaningsGroup 1: verbs with only finite （that..i） complementsGroup 2: verbs with only to-V non-finite complementsGroup 3: verbs with only V-ing non-finite complementsGroup 4: verbs with both to-V and V-ingcomplementsMeanings in contextNoun-like eventsVerb-like actionsDeny and refuseTypes of verbs ~Linguistic distanceDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading9 Relative clausesoverviewBasic formsSubject relativesObject relativesAfter-preposition relativesPossessive relat'tvesBasic structuresBasic meaningsWho, which, thatWhere, when, whyMeanings in contextIntroducing new informationConnecting with given informationEnd-weightDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther reading10 Direct and indirect speechOverviewBasic formsBasic meaningsDirect speech as dramaIndirect speech as narrativeSummarized reportsReporting verbs'The teachers were saying ...'Meanings in contextFree indirect discourseConstructed dialogueDiscussion topics and projectsTeaching ideasFurther readingGlossaryBibliographyAnswers to exercisesIndex

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