形态特征

叶厚纸质，狭长椭圆形，长10-18厘米，宽4-6厘米，顶端渐尖，基部楔形，全缘，中脉在叶面凸起，侧脉每边11-16条，支脉纤细，连成网脉，在叶片两面均明显，两面同色；叶柄长约1厘米。果序轴粗10-14毫米，散生小皮孔；壳斗每3个一簇，成熟壳斗碗状，包着坚果1/4-1/5，壳壁上部较薄，基部增厚，近木质，小苞片宽三角形，紧贴，覆瓦状排列，被灰色微柔毛；坚果扁圆形；有时一或两侧呈压扁状，高14毫米，宽25毫米，顶部略平缓或平坦，干后淡棕黄色，无毛，无白粉，果脐深达1.5毫米，口径13毫米。果期8-10月1。

产地生境

产云南东南部（西畴、麻栗坡）、贵州西南部。生于海拔约1100米石灰岩山地疏林中。模式标本采自云南西畴（法斗）1。

本种提示

本种与一硬壳柯的大果类型难区分，但本种的果序轴很粗，基部粗8-12毫米，壳斗较高、坚果较宽，顶部平缓或中央微凹陷1。

相关物种

与“糙果柯Lithocarpustrachycarpus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus”相关的种有：愉柯LithocarpusamoenusChun&Huang杏叶柯Lithocarpusamygdalifolius(Skan)Hayata杏叶柯（原变种）Lithocarpusamygdalifolius(Skan)Hayatavar.amygdalifolius崖柯（变种）Lithocarpusamygdalifolius(Skan)Hayatavar.praecipitiorumChun向阳柯LithocarpusapricusHuang&Y.T.Chang小箱柯Lithocarpusarcaulus(Buch.-Ham.exSpreng.)Huang&Y.T.Chang槟榔柯Lithocarpusareca(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus尖叶柯Lithocarpusattenuatus(Skan)Rehd.茸果柯Lithocarpusbacgiangensis(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus猴面柯Lithocarpusbalansae(Drake)A.Camus帽柯Lithocarpusbonnetii(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus短穗柯LithocarpusbrachystachyusChun短尾柯Lithocarpusbrevicaudatus(Skan)Hayata美苞柯LithocarpuscalolepisHsu&Jen美叶柯LithocarpuscalophyllusChun红心柯Lithocarpuscarolinae(Skan)Rehd.尾叶柯Lithocarpuscaudatilimbus(Merr.)A.Camus粤北柯LithocarpuschifuiChun&Tsiang琼中柯LithocarpuschiungchungensisChun&P.C.Tam金毛柯LithocarpuschrysocomusChun&Tsiang炉灰柯LithocarpuscinereusChun&Huang包果柯Lithocarpuscleistocarpus(Seemen)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.包果柯（原变种）Lithocarpuscleistocarpus(Seemen)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.var.cleistocarpus峨眉包果柯（变种）Lithocarpuscleistocarpus(Seemen)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.var.omeiensisFang格林柯Lithocarpuscollettii(KingexHook.f.)A.Camus窄叶柯LithocarpusconfinisHuang烟斗柯Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.窄叶烟斗柯（变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.angustifoliusHuang&Y.T.Chang烟斗柯（原变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.corneus多果烟斗柯（变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.fructuosusHuang&Y.T.Chang海南烟斗柯（变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.hainanensis(Merr.)Huang&Y.T.Chang皱叶烟斗柯（变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.rhytidophyllusHuang&Y.T.Chang环鳞烟斗柯（变种）Lithocarpuscorneus(Lour.)Rehd.var.zonatusHuang&Y.T.Chang白穗柯LithocarpuscraibianusBarnett硬叶柯LithocarpuscrassifoliusA.Camus闭壳柯LithocarpuscryptocarpusA.Camus风兜柯LithocarpuscucullatusHuang&Y.T.Chang鱼蓝柯Lithocarpuscyrtocarpus(Drake)A.Camus大苗山柯LithocarpusdamiaoshanicusHuang&Y.T.Chang白柯Lithocarpusdealbatus(Hook.f.&Thoms.exMiq.)Rehd.柳叶柯Lithocarpusdodonaeifolius(Hayata)Hayata金平柯(变种)Lithocarpusechinophorus(Hick.etA.Camus)A.Camusvar.bidoupensisA.Camus壶壳柯Lithocarpusechinophorus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus金平柯（变种）Lithocarpusechinophorus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camusvar.bidoupensisA.Camus沙坝柯（变种）Lithocarpusechinophorus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camusvar.chapensisA.Camus壶壳柯（原变种）Lithocarpusechinophorus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camusvar.echinophorus刺壳柯Lithocarpusechinotholus(Hu)Chun&Huang胡颓子叶柯Lithocarpuselaeagnifolius(Seemen)Chun厚斗柯Lithocarpuselizabethae(Tutcher)Rehd.万宁柯LithocarpuselmerrilliiChun枇杷叶柯LithocarpuseriobotryoidesHuang&Y.T.Chang川柯Lithocarpusfangii(Hu&W.C.Cheng)Huang&Y.T.Chang易武柯Lithocarpusfarinulentus(Hance)A.Camus泥柯Lithocarpusfenestratus(Roxb.)Rehd.短穗泥柯（变种）Lithocarpusfenestratus(Roxb.)Rehd.var.brachycarpusA.Camus泥柯（原变种）Lithocarpusfenestratus(Roxb.)Rehd.var.fenestratus红柯LithocarpusfenzelianusA.Camus卷毛柯LithocarpusfloccosusHuang&Y.T.Chang勐海柯Lithocarpusfohaiensis(Hu)A.Camus密脉柯Lithocarpusfordianus(Hemsl.)Chun台湾柯Lithocarpusformosanus(Skan)Hayata高黎贡柯LithocarpusgaoligongensisHuang&Y.T.Chang望楼柯Lithocarpusgarrettianus(Craib)A.Camus柯Lithocarpusglaber(Thunb.)Nakai耳叶柯Lithocarpusgrandifolius(D.Don)S.N.Biswas假鱼蓝柯LithocarpusgymnocarpusA.Camus菴耳柯LithocarpushaipiniiChun硬壳柯Lithocarpushancei(Benth.)Rehd.瘤果柯LithocarpushandelianusA.Camus港柯Lithocarpusharlandii(HanceexWalp.)Rehd.灰柯Lithocarpushenryi(Seemen)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.细柄柯LithocarpushimalaicusHuang&Y.T.Chang梨果柯LithocarpushowiiChun灰背叶柯Lithocarpushypoglaucus(Hu)Huang广南柯Lithocarpusirwinii(Hance)Rehd.鼠刺叶柯Lithocarpusiteaphyllus(Hance)Rehd.挺叶柯LithocarpusithyphyllusChunexH.T.Chang盈江柯Lithocarpusjenkinsii(Benth.)Huang&Y.T.Chang齿叶柯Lithocarpuskawakamii(Hayata)Hayata油叶柯Lithocarpuskonishii(Hayata)Hayata屏边柯LithocarpuslaetusChun&Huang老挝柯Lithocarpuslaoticus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus鬼石柯Lithocarpuslepidocarpus(Hayata)Hayata白枝柯LithocarpusleucodermisChun&Huang滑壳柯LithocarpuslevisChun&Huang谊柯Lithocarpuslisteri(KingexHook.f.)Grierson&D.G.Long木姜叶柯Lithocarpuslitseifolius(Hance)Chun木姜叶柯（原变种）Lithocarpuslitseifolius(Hance)Chunvar.litseifolius毛枝木姜叶柯（变种）Lithocarpuslitseifolius(Hance)Chunvar.pubescensHuang&Y.T.Chang龙眼柯LithocarpuslonganoidesHuang&Y.T.Chang柄果柯Lithocarpuslongipedicellatus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus香菌柯Lithocarpuslycoperdon(Skan)A.Camus粉叶柯LithocarpusmacilentusChun&Huang黑家柯Lithocarpusmagneinii(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus缅宁柯LithocarpusmainningensisHu光叶柯Lithocarpusmairei(Schottky)Rehd.大叶柯LithocarpusmegalophyllusRehd.&E.H.Wils.澜沧柯Lithocarpusmekongensis(A.Camus)Huang&Y.T.Chang黑柯LithocarpusmelanochromusChun&Tsiang小果柯LithocarpusmicrospermusA.Camus水仙柯Lithocarpusnaiadarum(Hance)Chun南投柯Lithocarpusnantoensis(Hayata)Hayata光果柯Lithocarpusnitidinux(Hu)Chun峨眉柯LithocarpusoblanceolatusHuang&Y.T.Chang卵叶柯LithocarpusobovatilimbusChun墨脱柯LithocarpusobscurusHuang&Y.T.Chang榄叶柯LithocarpusoleifoliusA.Camus厚鳞柯LithocarpuspachylepisA.Camus厚叶柯Lithocarpuspachyphyllus(Kurz)Rehd.顺宁厚叶柯（变种）Lithocarpuspachyphyllus(Kurz)Rehd.var.fruticosus(WattexKing)A.Camus厚叶柯（原变种）Lithocarpuspachyphyllus(Kurz)Rehd.var.pachyphyllus大叶苦柯LithocarpuspaihengiiChun&Tsiang滇南柯LithocarpuspakhaensisA.Camus圆锥柯LithocarpuspaniculatusHand.-Mazz.石柯LithocarpuspasaniaHuang&Y.T.Chang星毛柯LithocarpuspetelotiiA.Camus桂南柯LithocarpusphansipanensisA.Camus三柄果柯LithocarpuspropinquusHuang&Y.T.Chang毛果柯LithocarpuspsedudovestitusA.Camus单果柯LithocarpuspseudoreinwardiiA.Camus钦州柯LithocarpusqinzhouicusHuang&Y.T.Chang栎叶柯LithocarpusquercifoliusHuang&Y.T.Chang毛枝柯Lithocarpusrhabdostachyus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camussubsp.dakhaensisA.Camus南川柯Lithocarpusrosthornii(Schottky)Barnett浸水营柯LithocarpusshinsuiensisHayata&Kaneh.犁耙柯Lithocarpussilvicolarum(Hance)Chun滑皮柯Lithocarpusskanianus(Dunn)Rehd.球壳柯Lithocarpussphaerocarpus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus平头柯LithocarpustabularisHsu&Jen菱果柯Lithocarpustaitoensis(Hayata)Hayata石屏柯LithocarpustalangensisHuang&Y.T.Chang薄叶柯LithocarpustenuilimbusH.T.Chang灰壳柯Lithocarpustephrocarpus(Drake)A.Camus潞西柯Lithocarpusthomsonii(Miq.)Rehd.棱果柯Lithocarpustriqueter(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus截果柯Lithocarpustruncatus(KingexHook.f.)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.小截果柯（变种）Lithocarpustruncatus(KingexHook.f.)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.var.baviensis(Drake)A.Camus截果柯（原变种）Lithocarpustruncatus(KingexHook.f.)Rehd.&E.H.Wils.var.truncatus壶嘴柯Lithocarpustubulosus(Hickel&A.Camus)A.Camus紫玉盘柯Lithocarpusuvariifolius(Hance)Rehd.卵叶玉盘柯（变种）Lithocarpusuvariifolius(Hance)Rehd.var.ellipticus(F.P.Metcalf)Huang&Y.T.Chang紫玉盘柯（原变种）Lithocarpusuvariifolius(Hance)Rehd.var.uvariifolius麻子壳柯Lithocarpusvariolosus(Franch.)Chun西藏柯LithocarpusxizangensisHuang&Y.T.Chang木果柯Lithocarpusxylocarpus(Kurz)Markgr.永福柯LithocarpusyongfuensisQ.F.Zheng12

参考资料