概述

一类能在完全无机环境中生活，以ＣＯ２或碳酸盐为主要碳源或唯一碳源，能从无机物氧化中获得能量的细菌.仅发现于原核生物中，多为好氧微生物.根据其氧化无机物的专一性分为多种类群，如硝化细菌、硫细菌、氢细菌、铁细菌等，在它们生活过程中，分别利用氨、亚硝酸盐、硫化氢、氢和二价铁离子等作为电子供体，使ＣＯ２还原成细胞物质.广泛分布于水域和土壤环境中.在维持地球上的物质平衡及将废弃物进行无害化处理中起着重要的作用.A class be able to live in an environment completely inorganic, to CO2 or carbonate as the main carbon source or sole source of carbon, to obtain energy from inorganic oxidation bacteria. Only found in prokaryotes, mostly for aerobic micro-organisms. According to specificity of the oxidation of inorganic compounds is divided into a variety of taxa, such as nitrifying bacteria, sulfur bacteria, hydrogen bacteria, iron bacteria, etc., in their course of life, respectively, the use of ammonia, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and two-valent iron ions as the electron donor, so that CO2 reduction into cellular material. widely distributed in water and soil environments. in maintaining the material balance on the planet and to sound treatment of waste plays an important role.